案例教学在临床生物化学与检验教学中的应用

在临床生物化学与检验课程中采用案例教学,重点在于结合教学大纲精选案例、案例设计合理、提出合适的问题以及对问题进行课堂讨论并总结。案例教学法在完成教学任务的同时,不仅激发了学生的学习兴趣,而且培养了临床思维能力,提高了学生的综合素质,更好地使理论教学与临床实践相结合,真正做到教学相长。     

浅谈病例导入式教学法在口腔医学教学中的应用

口腔医学生临床能力的培养已成为当今口腔医学教育的重点。本文针对当前口腔医学教学的现状,阐述了将病例导入式教学法引入到口腔医学教学中的作用和意义,并进一步探讨了病例导入式教学法的具体实施方法。     

Evaluating health information technology in community-based settings: lessons learned

Implementing health information technology (IT) at the community level is a national priority to help improve healthcare quality, safety, and efficiency. However, community-based organizations implementing health IT may not have expertise in evaluation. This study describes lessons learned from experience as a multi-institutional academic collaborative established to provide independent evaluation of community-based health IT initiatives. The authors'' experience derived from adapting the principles of community-based participatory research to the field of health IT. To assist other researchers, the lessons learned under four themes are presented: (A) the structure of the partnership between academic investigators and the community; (B) communication issues; (C) the relationship between implementation timing and evaluation studies; and (D) study methodology. These lessons represent practical recommendations for researchers interested in pursuing similar collaborations.     

Analysis of medical malpractice claims to improve quality of care: Cautionary remarks

Medical malpractice claims can be analysed to gain insights aimed at improving quality of care. However, using medical malpractice claims in medical research raises epistemological and methodological concerns related to certain features of the litigation process. Medical research should therefore approach medical malpractice claims with caution. Taking one recent study as a an example, this article insists on three areas of concern: (a) the quantity of legal materials available for analysis; (b) the content of the legal materials available for analysis; and (c) the ways in which the content of the legal materials should be analysed and the types of inferences that it can support. The article concludes with general recommendations for future medical research that would incorporate medical malpractice claims. These recommendations centre around recognizing the qualitative dimension of legal reasoning.     

Simulating Rescue Strategies From Procedural Sedation: One Aspect of Competency Validation

Quality and Safety in Nursing Education identifies both teamwork and patient safety as key domains in which competencies are required. An example that makes these competencies necessary in day-to-day clinical safety is procedural sedation. Procedural sedation is a key area of risk in an acute-care facility. Safety in this area requires teamwork. The Joint Commission requires that risk management also examine the process of procedural sedation outside the operating room. This assures equity of care and oversight by the anesthesia department. Procedural sedation is not within the current National Council Licensure Examination blueprint (NCSBN, 2019). It is up to employers to validate the hired registered nurse has the skills, knowledge, and attitude to safely administer these high-risk medications. Working as a taskforce, five disciplines from ten areas that administered procedural sedation in our acute care facility created a three-component competency validation approach. The novel component was the development of a high-fidelity simulation validating the ability of the registered nurse to rescue a patient from loss of protective reflexes. The outcome of the simulation process included a clinical reasoning evaluation by the clinical educator. This article is a discussion of the development and clinical usefulness of this simulation tool as a competency adjunct.     

《急危重症护理学》案例式立体教学法的设计与应用

目的 探讨案例式立体教学法在《急危重症护理学》教学中的应用效果。 方法于2018年3—5月,采用目的抽样法,选取2017级全日制高职护理专业（4个班）126名学生为研究对象。以班级为单位进行采用抓阄的方法分为观察组（2个班、n=64）、对照组（2个班、n=62）。对照组学生采取传统讲授法教学,观察组学生采用案例式立体教学法。教学结束后通过理论考试、操作考试和问卷调查方法进行教学效果评价。结果 两组学生理论、操作考核成绩得分比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,学生对案例式立体教学法的教学效果认可度、教学满意度较高。结论 案例式立体教学法有利于培养学生的急救思维能力和自主学习能力,促进学生动手能力和急救综合能力的培养。     

Reinforced reasoning in medicine

Some philosophers have argued that evidence of underlying mechanisms does not provide evidence for the effectiveness of a medical intervention. One such argument appeals to the unreliability of mechanistic reasoning. However, mechanistic reasoning is not the only way that evidence of mechanisms might provide evidence of effectiveness. A more reliable type of reasoning may be distinguished by appealing to recent work on evidential pluralism in the epistemology of medicine. A case study from virology provides an example of this so‐called reinforced reasoning in medicine. It is argued that in this case study, the available evidence of underlying mechanisms did in fact play a role in providing evidence in favour of a medical intervention. This paper therefore adds a novel and recent case study to the literature in support of evidential pluralism in medicine.     

构建与案例教学法相结合的人体解剖学自主探究式学习模式的思考与分析

在《十二五规划》的加快教育改革发展中,提出了全面实施素质教育的方针,全面实施高校本科教学质量和教学改革工程。目前,在教育教学改革与医学教育理念不断更新的背景下,要求教师在基础医学课程的教学中除加强与临床的紧密联系外,更要注重学生的实践与探究能力。通过在人体解剖学教学中运用案例教学法结合自主探究式学习模式,现对该模式的研究与实践作一总结与思考,旨在今后人体解剖学的教学中进一步地提高和完善。